Research logo — building airflow
Building Science · SUTD · Singapore

Keeping people
cool without
the energy cost

Lecturer at the Architecture and Sustainable Design pillar, SUTD. My research bridges high-fidelity simulation, AI surrogates, and policy translation to deliver low-energy thermal comfort in tropical climates.

🏭 SUTD, Singapore 📚 h-index 3 · 76 citations ✅ BCA Green Mark AP · WELL AP
$4M+
research funding
Simulation Preview
Dr. Zheng Kai — Lecturer, Architecture and Sustainable Design, SUTD
Dr. Zheng Kai · SUTD
About
00
Sustainable architecture
researcher & educator

I am a Lecturer in Architecture and Sustainable Design at the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), where I lead research at the intersection of building science, computational simulation, and climate adaptation. My work is driven by a single question: how do we keep people comfortable in tropical heat without depending on energy-intensive air conditioning?

My research spans high-fidelity CFD simulation, evaporative and desiccant cooling systems, AI-driven design surrogates, and pandemic-resilient ventilation — always with an eye toward real-world policy translation and community impact. I have contributed to over SGD 5 million in funded research across MND, MOE, Tote Board, and industry partners.

Beyond the lab, I advise PhD students, serve on international scientific committees, hold BCA Green Mark and WELL AP accreditations, and regularly engage the public through CNA, Straits Times, and Zaobao on Singapore's heat and sustainability challenges.

PhD Building Science, NUS (2019)
BCA Green Mark Accredited Professional
Lecturer, ASD Pillar, SUTD (2023–)
WELL Building Standard Accredited Professional
Faculty Fellow, SUTD (2020–2023)
START Award Special Mention, MOE (2020)
Latest Initiative
2026
MND × SUTD · SGD 30 Million
Built Environment
AI Centre of Excellence

The Ministry of National Development and SUTD have launched Singapore's SGD 30M Built Environment AI Centre of Excellence — developing AI-driven solutions to tackle climate change impacts, manpower shortages, and sustainability challenges across the construction and facilities management sectors.

SGD 30 Million MND Funded · RIE2030 SUTD Host Institution Launched Feb 2026
Read Announcement →
Co-PI · Work Package
Singapore Building Genome Project

A large-scale data initiative to construct a comprehensive, AI-ready dataset of Singapore's built environment — integrating building geometry, energy performance, material properties, and microclimate data to enable city-scale simulation, benchmarking, and policy-driven design optimisation.

Building Data AI Surrogates Urban Scale Energy Benchmarking Working Title
$30M
Centre Funding
4
Research Areas
2026
Launched
Active Grants
Click to learn more
Cities of Tomorrow Shaping the Breeze: NV Guidelines — SGD 2.3M ›
MOE SSRC Urban Heat & Climate Resilient Citizenry — SGD 2.42M ›
Tote Board Heat Resilience of Vulnerable Communities — SGD 1M ›
Experion Advanced Facades for Healthy Residential Dev — SGD 262K ›
SUTD Sunventus Hybrid Solar-Wind System — SGD 201.5K ›
SUTD Evaporative Cooling for Thermal Comfort — SGD 88.9K ›
Focus Areas
01
Research Pillars

Three interconnected themes anchoring a research programme on human-centred, low-energy cooling for tropical built environments — from fluid simulation to AI acceleration to real-world policy impact.

01
Passive Cooling
Evaporative & Desiccant Cooling for Tropical Climates

Developing and validating dry-mist, indirect evaporative, and desiccant-based systems for low-energy thermal comfort in Singapore's humid tropics — from secondary schools to HDB housing to worker dormitories.

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02
CFD & Simulation
Computational Airflow Modelling & Natural Ventilation

High-fidelity CFD simulation of wind flow, airborne transmission, and ventilation performance — applied to pandemic-resilient design, campus wind redirection, and bridging the gap between ventilation standards and practice.

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03
AI & Surrogates
Machine Learning Surrogates for Early-Stage Design

Training physics-informed neural networks, GRU Seq2Seq, and Gaussian Process Regression surrogates on CFD data for real-time parametric design support — from energy prediction to automated floorplan generation.

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Scholarship
02
Recent Publications

Peer-reviewed work in passive cooling, airflow simulation, and AI-assisted design. Full list on Google Scholar.

2025
Discrepancies Between Design and Practice in Natural Ventilation
SBE Conference, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
VentilationCFD
2024
Desiccant-Based Air Cooling in Classrooms
ARCH24, 6th Int'l Conference on Architecture, Research, Care and Health · Aalto University, Finland
EvaporativeDesiccant
2021
Ventilation Performance in Worker Dormitories: An Airflow Study
Sustainable Cities and Society, 103327 · Zheng, K., Ortner, P., Tay, J., & Lim, Y.
VentilationCFD
2019
Thermal Comfort with Dry Mist Systems in the Tropics
Sustainable Cities and Society, 51, 101727 · Zheng, K., Yuan, C., Wong, N.H., Cen, C.
EvaporativeThermal Comfort
2018
Cooling Effects of Dry Mist Systems on Outdoor Thermal Environments
Building and Environment, 141, 61–70 · Zheng, K., Ichinose, M., & Wong, N.
EvaporativeCFD
Graduate Supervision
03
PhD Students

Supervising a diverse cohort of doctoral researchers working at the intersection of building science, renewable energy, AI, and climate resilience — from tropical Singapore to Sub-Saharan Africa.

3
Graduated
2
Ongoing
5
Total supervised
MS
Graduated
Michele Sodano
Advancing Energy-Efficient Building Design Through Deep Learning Surrogate Models
Machine LearningEnergy SimulationGRU Seq2Seq
LL
Graduated
Lampson Leung
Design and Performance Assessment of a Building Integrated Hybrid Solar-Wind Energy System
Renewable EnergySolar-WindStack Ventilation
HW
Graduated
Harry Woon
Assessing Embodied and Operational Carbon in Singapore's Institutional Buildings: The Impact of Air Conditioning on Energy Consumption
Life Cycle CarbonNet ZeroLCA
DL
Ongoing
Daniel Leong
Intelligent Localised In-Door Micro-Cooling System
Evaporative CoolingAI ControlThermal Comfort
NK
Ongoing
Nadège Kougnigan
Climate Change Impacts on Residential Buildings in Sub-Saharan Africa: Development of a Framework to Improve Performance
Climate ResilienceSub-Saharan AfricaBuilding Performance
Press & Media
04
In the News

Research on heat, ventilation, and low-energy cooling has been featured across national broadcast and print media in Singapore.

Channel NewsAsia — Documentaries & Broadcasts
CNA Talking Point
2024
Can We Beat the Heat Without Air-Conditioning?
Expert feature on passive cooling alternatives for Singapore homes and communities.
CNA Documentary
2024
How to Beat the Heat Without Using Air-Conditioning
Insights on evaporative cooling and Singapore's urban heat challenge.
CNA Talking Point
2022
Should Smoking at Home Be Banned?
CFD simulation evidence on secondhand smoke transmission in HDB units.
Print & Online News
Straits Times2022
Who Let the Tigers Out — CNY Light-Up Chinatown 2022
Interactive feature on the Year of the Tiger Chinatown light-up, with SUTD student design contributions under Dr. Zheng Kai's faculty advisory role.
Straits Times2021
Building Services Play a Big Role in the Fight Against COVID-19
Forum letter applying airflow and ventilation research to pandemic-resilient building design and reducing airborne transmission risk.
CNA · meWatch2021
COVID-19 Transmission — CNA Singapore Tonight
Live broadcast interview on COVID-19 airborne transmission using CFD simulation of respiratory droplet spread in enclosed environments.
Straits Times2021
Iconic CNY Light-Up to Go Ahead in Chinatown Amid Muted Festivities
Coverage of the Chinatown Chinese New Year light-up, featuring SUTD student design contributions under Dr. Zheng Kai's faculty advisory role.
MOE Singapore2020
Singapore Teaching & Academic Research Talent (START) Award
Special mention by Minister for Education Lawrence Wong at the national START Award ceremony, recognising early-career academic excellence.
Zaobao2020
START Award — Special Mention by Minister of Education
Lianhe Zaobao coverage of the START Award ceremony, highlighting recognition as an outstanding young academic in Singapore's higher education sector.